Richelieu River

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The Richelieu River (French: [ʁiʃ(ə)ljø] (listen)) is a river of Quebec, Canada, and major right tributary of the St. Lawrence River. It rises at Lake Champlain, from which it flows northward through Quebec and empties into the St. Lawrence. It was formerly known as the Iroquois River and the Chambly River. This river was a key route of water transport for cross-border trade between Canada and the United States, since it provided a direct route from the Saint Lawrence River to New York via Lake Champlain, the Champlain Canal and the Hudson River, until the arrival of rail transport in the mid-19th century.

Because of its strategic position between New France and New England, several military fortifications were erected on the course of the river. It served as a key pathway for several military tours and was the scene of several battles between the end of the 17th and early 19th centuries, first between the French and the Iroquois, then between the French and the English, during the regime of the New France and finally between the British and the Americans after 1760.